What Are European Houses Called? (11 Styles Explained)

Europe boasts a rich architectural heritage, resulting in a wide range of house styles throughout the region.

From the intricate designs of Victorian homes to the practical simplicity of Bauhaus buildings, each style boasts unique characteristics.

This article will examine a few of the most common European house styles, including their origins, defining features, and examples of notable buildings.

1. Tudor

If you’re ever in England and see a house with timber beams jutting out of the walls, a steeply pitched roof, and decorative chimney stacks, you may have stumbled upon a Tudor-style house.

These houses, built between the late 15th and early 16th centuries, are unique to England and are easily recognizable by their distinct half-timbered construction.

Unlike other European house styles, Tudor homes are constructed using a frame of timber beams filled with wattle and daub (that creamy-looking siding), a mixture of mud, straw, and animal dung.

As a result, they have a distinctive appearance with exposed wood beams set against a brick or white plaster exterior.

Tudor houses are known for their ornate details and asymmetrical design. Many have a central front door flanked by windows, with additional windows scattered across the front of the house.

The steeply pitched roofs are often adorned with decorative elements such as finials and pinnacles. Tudor homes also often feature elaborate chimney stacks, some built at an angle to the roofline.

Finally, Tudor houses typically have large fireplaces, exposed wooden beams, and low ceilings.

2. Georgian

While European architecture is famous for its grand and intricate styles, such as Baroque and Gothic, the Georgian-style house is a lesser-known yet equally stunning style.

Symmetrical design, elegant proportions, and classical details characterize these homes. Georgian homes exude a refined and sophisticated charm compared to the ornate and grandiose European styles.

One of the most defining characteristics of a Georgian-style house is its central front door, often flanked by evenly spaced windows. Typically, these homes have a flat facade with an impeccable balance of windows and doors.

Using classical details such as columns, pediments, and cornices gives the Georgian house a sense of grandeur without being overly ornate. The houses are often constructed from brick or stone, with a slate roof and sash windows.

A Georgian house is worth considering if you’re seeking a classic and elegant home style that exudes sophistication.

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3. Victorian

This style emerged during Queen Victoria’s reign in England from 1837 to 1901 and is known for its intricate details and ornamental features that exude character and history.

Victorian houses are easily recognizable with their steeply pitched roofs, ornate woodwork, and decorative elements such as turrets and stained glass windows.

Unlike many European styles, Victorian houses often have asymmetrical designs and complex floor plans with multiple levels.

The interiors are adorned with elaborate details such as ceiling medallions, carved wood moldings, and decorative fireplaces that enhance the unique charm of this style.

Additionally, many Victorian houses feature wrap-around porches or balconies, providing the perfect setting to enjoy the scenery and adding to the home’s overall character.

So, if you’re looking for a home with a one-of-a-kind aesthetic and a sense of history, a Victorian-style house might be the perfect fit.

4. Art Nouveau

Art Nouveau-style homes are European architecture that you should consider if you want a unique living space.

They first appeared in the late 19th and early 20th centuries and are known for their intricate patterns, flowing lines, and distinctive decorative elements that seamlessly blend art and architecture.

These homes often have asymmetrical designs, with decorative features like stained glass windows, metalwork, and mosaics adding a touch of elegance. The house’s personality and charm are further enhanced by the intricate carvings, swirling patterns, and floral patterns that welcome you inside.

Art Nouveau architecture and interior design are renowned for using natural materials such as wood, stone, and glass, which impart a warm and welcoming atmosphere to the space.

The unique blend of sculptural details and unconventional construction materials results in striking interiors that are works of art in their own right.

5. Bauhaus

Those who like simple forms and uncluttered spaces may enjoy living in a home designed in the Bauhaus style.

This architectural style originated in Germany in the early 20th century and is known for its functional and simplistic design. The fundamental principle of Bauhaus architecture is that form should follow function, with every house element serving a specific purpose.

In contrast to many European styles that feature ornate details, Bauhaus houses prioritize simplicity. They often have flat roofs, white facades, and large windows that let in natural light.

The interiors typically have an open floor plan with minimal partitions and a focus on functionality.

Bauhaus houses are commonly constructed from concrete and steel, which creates a modern and industrial feel.

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6. Scandinavian

Another prominent style of European houses is the Scandinavian design, known for its minimalist aesthetics, practicality, and clean lines.

This architectural trend originated in the Nordic region in the early 1900s, featuring natural materials and a straightforward yet stylish appearance.

Typical Scandinavian houses boast large windows inviting natural light, while wood, stone, and leather create a warm and inviting ambiance. The interior layout often follows an open floor plan prioritizing functionality and uncluttered spaces.

Moreover, these homes frequently incorporate environmentally-friendly features, such as solar panels and energy-efficient heating systems, reflecting the region’s deep appreciation for nature and sustainability.

A Scandinavian-style house could be ideal for a contemporary and eco-conscious dwelling.

7. Cottage

Cottages, which have their roots in medieval Europe, are a popular architectural style due to the quaintness of their designs. Stone and wood are frequently used, and the steeply pitched roofs create a unique aesthetic.

Additionally, cottage houses frequently have asymmetrical designs, with dormer windows, roofs, and chimneys adding to their unique character.

Warm and inviting living spaces with cozy fireplaces and quaint architectural details can be found inside.

Cottage houses frequently have a rustic feel, with exposed wooden beams, stone fireplaces, and hardwood floors. Therefore, a cottage-style house is ideal if you’re seeking a charming and cozy house.

8. Baroque

The lavish and ornate details of Baroque architecture can be found in the homes of many Europeans across the continent.

Sculptural elements like statues, masks, and cherubs give these homes a sense of motion and vitality by decorating their tall, curved facades.

One of the most distinctive characteristics of Baroque architecture is the masterful manipulation of light and shadow to create dramatic effects that heighten the buildings’ aesthetic appeal.

Along with its distinctive flourishes, which add to the opulence and majesty of the buildings, Baroque architecture is renowned for its elaborate decoration, which can take the form of ornate moldings, carvings, vibrant frescoes, and murals.

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9. Gothic

Gothic-style houses are known for their dramatic and imposing design. This architectural style emerged in Europe during the 12th century and is characterized by its use of flying buttresses, ribbed vaults, and pointed arches.

Gothic houses often have tall, narrow windows, stone carvings with a lot of detail, and steeply pitched roofs.

Inside are often vaulted ceilings, stained glass windows, and intricate carvings made of stone or wood.

Additionally, gothic houses are also known for their dark and moody atmosphere. Many have heavy drapes, dark wood paneling, and fancy candlesticks.

A Gothic-style house might be just what you’re looking for if you want a house with a lot of drama and personality. Remember that this style can be quite bold and might not work for people who prefer a more cozy or simple look.

10. Romanesque

The Romanesque architectural style originated in Europe during the 10th century and is widely appreciated for its solid and simple design.

Houses in this style have thick walls that provide excellent insulation, beautiful rounded arches that add character, and small, narrow windows that give a cozy feel.

Romanesque homes have a charming simplicity with minimal ornamentation on their facades, which gives them a unique and elegant look. Furthermore, Romanesque homes feature sturdy and practical furniture designed to last.

Romanesque houses are built with sturdy and durable local materials like stone and brick. The style’s straightforward and robust construction ensures that it will endure the test of time and the elements.

So, you’ll love a Romanesque-style house if you’re looking for a reliable and sturdy home!

11. Neoclassical

Neoclassical-style houses are known for their elegant and symmetrical design.

This architectural style emerged in Europe during the 18th century and is characterized by using classical details, such as columns, pediments, and balustrades.

Neoclassical houses often feature simple facades focusing on symmetry, with evenly spaced windows and a central front door.

You’ll often find high ceilings, grand staircases, and a focus on classical details like molding and paneling. Neoclassical houses also use light colors and natural materials like marble and limestone.

A Neoclassical home is a great choice if you want a classic and beautiful structure that will stand the test of time.

Remember, though, that this is a formal style, which may not work for those who prefer something cozier.

Sources:

Britannica – Tudor Style

My Domaine – What Is Neoclassical Architecture?

Redfin – What is a Gothic Style House? It’s Not all Dark Colors and Gargoyles

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